2018年工作回顾

 

1完成全年经济社会发展主要目标任务

Main targets for economic and social development were accomplished

 

► GDP grew by 6.6%, exceeding 90 trillion yuan

国内生产总值增长6.6%，总量突破90万亿元

 

► Consumer prices rose by 2.1%

居民消费价格上涨2.1%

 

► A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments was maintained

国际收支基本平衡

 

► A further 13.61 million new urban jobs were added, and the surveyed unemployment rate remained stable at a comparatively low level of around 5%

城镇新增就业1361万人、调查失业率稳定在5%左右的较低水平

 

2经济结构不断优化

Economic structure was further improved

 

► Consumption continued to play an increasing role in driving economic growth

消费拉动经济增长作用进一步增强

 

► The service sector’s contribution to growth approached 60%

服务业对经济增长贡献率接近60%

 

► Growth in high-tech industries and equipment manufacturing outstripped that of other industries

高技术产业、装备制造业增速明显快于一般工业

 

► Harvest were again good

农业再获丰收

 

► Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 3.1%

单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.1%

 

3发展新动能快速成长

New growth drivers grew rapidly

 

► A number of major scientific and technological innovations were made

一批重大科技创新成果相继问世

 

► Emerging industries thrived and traditional industries saw faster transformation and upgrading

新兴产业蓬勃发展，传统产业加快转型升级

 

► Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide, with an average of over 18,000 new businesses opening daily and the total number of market entities passing the 100 million mark.

大众创业万众创新深入推进，日均新设企业超过1.8万户，市场主体总量超过1亿户

 

4重点领域改革迈出新的步伐

New progress was made in reform in key fields

 

► Institutional reforms of both the State Council and local governments were implemented smoothly

国务院及地方政府机构改革顺利实施

 

► The negative list system for market access was put fully into effect

市场准入负面清单制度全面实行

 

► Reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services were intensified

简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革力度加大

 

5加大改革开放力度

All-round opening up was expanded

 

► Joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) made significant headway

共建“一带一路”引领效应持续释放

 

► The negative list for foreign investment was significantly shortened

大幅压缩外资准入负面清单

 

► Sectors like finance and automobiles were opened wider to foreign competition

扩大金融、汽车等行业开放

 

► Import tariffs on some goods were lowered, and the overall tariff level was reduced from 9.8% to 7.5%

下调部分商品进口关税，关税总水平由9.8%降至7.5%

 

► China’s total volume of trade in goods exceeded 30 trillion yuan, and its utilized foreign investment totaled US$138.3 billion

货物进出口总额超过30万亿元，实际使用外资1383亿美元

 

6污染防治得到加强

Pollution prevention and control was strengthened

 

► PM_2.5 density continued to fall

细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降

 

7人民生活持续改善

Living standards continued to improve

 

► Per capita disposable personal income grew by 6.5% in real terms

居民人均可支配收入实际增长6.5%

 

► The rural poor population decreased by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitable areas

农村贫困人口减少1386万，易地扶贫搬迁280万人

 

► Close to 100 million payments were made to assist students from families in financial difficulty, covering all school types

资助各类学校家庭困难学生近1亿人次

 

► More than 6.2 million housing units were rebuilt in rundown urban areas and 1.9 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated

棚户区住房改造620多万套，农村危房改造190万户

 

► Another 4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, and over 6,000 kilometers of expressways and more than 300,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or improved

新增高速铁路运营里程4100公里，新建改建高速公路6000多公里、农村公路30多万公里

 

 

2019年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向

 

1主要目标

Main targets

 

► GDP growth of 6-6.5%

国内生产总值增长6%-6.5%

 

► Over 11 million new urban jobs, a surveyed urban, unemployment rate of around 5.5%, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5%

城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5%左右，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内

 

► CPI increase of around 3%

居民消费价格涨幅3%左右

 

► A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments, and stable, better-structured imports and exports

国际收支基本平衡，进出口稳中提质

 

► A macro leverage ratio that is basically stable, and effective prevention and control of financial and fiscal risks

宏观杠杆率基本稳定，金融财政风险有效防控

 

► A reduction of over 10 million in the rural poor population

农村贫困人口减少1000万以上

 

► Personal income growth that is basically in step with economic growth

居民收入增长与经济增长基本同步

 

► A further improvement in the environment

生态环境进一步改善

 

► A drop of around 3% in energy consumption per unit of GDP

单位国内生产总值能耗下降3%左右

 

► Continued reductions in the discharge of major pollutants

主要污染物排放量继续下降

 

2要正确把握宏观政策取向

Ensure that the right direction is set for the pursuit of our macro policies

 

Pursue a proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and enhance its performance

继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策

 

► Deficit-to-GDP ratio is projected at 2.8%, a 0.2-percentage-point increase over that of last year

今年赤字率拟按2.8%安排，比去年预算高0.2个百分点

 

► The budgetary deficit is projected at 2.76 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.83 trillion yuan and a local government deficit of 0.93 trillion yuan

财政赤字2.76万亿元，其中中央财政赤字1.83万亿元，地方财政赤字9300亿元

 

► Government expenditure is budgeted at over 23 trillion yuan, a 6.5% increase

今年财政支出超过23万亿元，增长6.5%

 

► The central government's transfer payments to local governments for equalizing access to basic public services will increase by 10.9%

中央对地方均衡性转移支付增长10.9%

 

Our prudent monetary policy will be eased or tightened to the right degree

稳健的货币政策要松紧适度

 

► Increases in M₂ money supply and aggregate financing should be in keeping with nominal GDP growth

广义货币M2和社会融资规模增速要与国内生产总值名义增速相匹配

 

► Ensure the valve on aggregate monetary supply is well controlled and refrain from using a deluge of stimulus policies

要把好货币供给总闸门，不搞“大水漫灌”

 

► Maintain reasonably sufficient liquidity

保持流动性合理充裕

 

Pursue an employment-first policy

就业优先政策要全面发力

 

Continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task

要继续坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线

 

Continue the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution

要继续打好三大攻坚战

 

 

2019年政府工作任务

 

1继续创新和完善宏观调控，确保经济运行在合理区间

Continue to develop new and improved approaches to macro regulation and keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate range

 

► Deepen VAT reform

深化增值税改革

 

► Reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes

明显降低企业社保缴费负担

 

► Reduce the tax burdens on and social insurance contributions of enterprises by nearly 2 trillion yuan

全年减轻企业税收和社保缴费负担近2万亿元

 

► Guide and support financial institutions in more inclusive financial services

激励加强普惠金融服务

 

► Work hard to alleviate the difficulties faced by enterprises in accessing affordable financing

着力缓解企业融资难融资贵问题

 

► Use multiple channels to achieve stable and expanding employment

多管齐下稳定和扩大就业

 

► Provide training for over 15 million people upgrading their skills or switching jobs or industries

1500万人次以上的职工技能提升和转岗转业培训

 

► Expand enrollment at vocational colleges by one million

高职院校大规模扩招100万人

 

2激发市场主体活力，着力优化营商环境

Energize market entities and improve the business environment

 

► Cut government approvals and improve services to create a favorable environment for investment and business startups

以简审批优服务便利投资兴业

 

► Further shorten the negative list on market entry

进一步缩减市场准入负面清单

 

► Encourage online approvals and services

推行网上审批和服务

 

► Use impartial regulation to promote fair competition

以公正监管促进公平竞争

 

► Reform and improve the fair competition review and impartial regulation systems

改革完善公平竞争审查和公正监管制度

 

► Carry out reforms to promote reductions in business-related charges

以改革推动降低涉企收费

 

3坚持创新引领发展，培育壮大新动能

Continue to pursue innovation driven development and foster new growth drivers

 

► Transform and upgrade traditional industries

推动传统产业改造提升

 

► Continue accommodative and prudential regulation

坚持包容审慎监管

 

► Speed up the growth of emerging industries

促进新兴产业加快发展

 

► Pursue Internet Plus initiatives in all industries and sectors

加快在各行业各领域推进“互联网+”

 

► Improve the system of punitive compensation for IP infringements

健全知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度

 

► Do more to encourage startups and innovation nationwide

进一步把大众创业万众创新引向深入

 

► Establish a science and technology innovation board that will pilot an IPO registration system

设立科创板并试点注册制

 

4促进形成强大国内市场，持续释放内需潜力

Stimulate the development of a robust domestic market and keep unlocking the potential of domestic demand

 

► Increase urban and rural personal incomes and boost capacity for consumption

多措并举促进城乡居民增收，增强消费能力

 

► Use multiple avenues to increase the supply of quality products and services

多渠道增加优质产品和服务供给

 

► Develop elderly care, especially community elderly care services

要大力发展养老特别是社区养老服务业

 

► Invest 800 billion yuan in railway construction and 1.8 trillion yuan in road construction and waterway projects

完成铁路投资8000亿元、公路水运投资1.8万亿元

 

► Include 577.6 billion yuan in the central government budget for investment, an increase of 40 billion yuan on last year

今年中央预算内投资安排5776亿元，比去年增加400亿元

 

► See that policies to encourage private investment are implemented

落实民间投资支持政策

 

5对标全面建成小康社会任务，扎实推进脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴

Make solid progress in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization and move closer to completing the tasks of building a moderately prosperous society

 

► Intensify poverty alleviation in areas of deep poverty

加大“三区三州”等深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚力度

 

► Ensure social safeguards for the most vulnerable groups

落实对特殊贫困人口的保障措施

 

► Improve agriculture, particularly grain production

抓好农业特别是粮食生产

 

► Take solid steps to upgrade rural infrastructure

扎实推进乡村建设

 

► Improve rural living environments

开展农村人居环境整治

 

► Deepen comprehensive rural reforms

全面深化农村改革

 

6促进区域协调发展，提高新型城镇化质量

Promote coordinated development across regions and improve the quality of new urbanization

 

► Develop new policies and measures for development and opening up in the west of China

制定西部开发开放新的政策措施

 

► Implement and improve reforms and innovative measures to facilitate northeast China's full revitalization, central China's rise, and east China's trailblazing development

落实和完善促进东北全面振兴、中部地区崛起、东部率先发展的改革创新举措

 

► Promote integrated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

推进京津冀协同发展和长江经济带绿色发展

 

► Elevate the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta to the status of national strategy

将长三角区域一体化发展上升为国家战略

 

► Advance new urbanization

深入推进新型城镇化

 

► Sustain the steady and healthy development of real estate markets

促进房地产市场平稳健康发展

 

► Continue to build government subsidized housing and rebuild rundown urban areas

继续推进保障性住房建设和城镇棚户区改造

 

► Move faster to regenerate old residential areas in cities

大力改造提升城镇老旧小区

 

7加强污染防治和生态建设，大力推动绿色发展

Strengthen pollution prevention and control, enhance ecological improvement, and make big advances in green development

 

► Cut sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions by 3%

二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%

 

► A continuous decline in PM_2.5 density in key areas

重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降

 

► Strengthen water and soil pollution prevention and control

强化水、土壤污染防治

 

► Achieve a 2% drop in both chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions

化学需氧量、氨氮排放量要下降2%

 

► Reform and find new approaches to environmental governance

改革创新环境治理方式

 

► Strengthen green and environmental protection industries

壮大绿色环保产业

 

► Step up efforts to protect and restore ecosystems

加强生态系统保护修复

 

8深化重点领域改革，加快完善市场机制

Deepen reforms in key sectors and speed up the improvement of market mechanisms

 

► Quicken state capital and SOE reforms

加快国资国企改革

 

► Work for big improvements in the development environment for the private sector

下大气力优化民营经济发展环境

 

► Promote reform efforts to clearly define the respective fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local governments

推进中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革

 

► Promote the healthy and steady development of multi-tiered capital markets

促进多层次资本市场健康稳定发展

 

► Strengthen monitoring, early warnings, mitigation, and control of financial risks

加强金融风险监测预警和化解处置

 

9推动全方位对外开放，培育国际经济合作和竞争新优势

Promote all-round opening up and foster new strengths in international economic cooperation and competition

 

► Further relax controls over market access for foreign capital, shorten the negative list for foreign investment, and permit wholly foreign funded enterprises to operate in more sectors

进一步放宽市场准入，缩减外资准入负面清单，允许更多领域实行外资独资经营

 

► Strengthen efforts to protect foreign investors' legitimate rights and interests

加强外商合法权益保护

 

► Work to diversify export markets

推动出口市场多元化

 

► Expand imports

积极扩大进口

 

► Promote the joint pursuit of the BRI

推动共建“一带一路”

 

► Promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation

促进贸易和投资自由化便利化

 

10加快发展社会事业，更好保障和改善民生

Speed up the development of social programs to better ensure and improve living standards

 

► Keep government budgetary spending on education above 4% of GDP

国家财政性教育经费占国内生产总值比例继续保持在4%以上

 

► Continue to increase basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance protection for rural and non-working urban residents

继续提高城乡居民基本医保和大病保险保障水平

 

► Improve the social security system and related policies

完善社会保障制度和政策

 

► Continue to increase the basic retirement pension, urban and rural subsistence allowances, and special assistance

继续提高退休人员基本养老金，适当提高城乡低保、专项救助等标准

 

► Raise ethical standards and enrich the cultural life of our people

丰富人民群众精神文化生活

 

► Strengthen social governance and explore new ways to conduct it

加强和创新社会治理